家庭功能与低年级大学生焦虑的关系：情绪调节策略的调节作用

Relationship between family function and anxiety among lower-grade college students： the moderating role of emotion regulation strategies

中文关键词:  家庭功能  家庭亲密度  家庭适应性  焦虑  情绪调节  认知重评  表达抑制

英文关键词:Family function  Family cohesion  Family adaptability  Anxiety  Emotion regulation  Cognitive reappraisal  Expressive suppression

中文摘要:

      背景 当前，大学生焦虑问题日益凸显。了解家庭功能如何影响焦虑情绪，并进一步考查情绪调节策略在其中的调节作用，对于促进大学生心理健康具有重要意义。然而，目前对家庭功能、情绪调节与大学生焦虑三者间关系的实证研究尚不充分，亟需探讨家庭功能影响焦虑的内在机制，并揭示情绪调节策略在这一机制中的具体调节作用。目的 探讨低年级大学生家庭功能与焦虑的关系，并检验情绪调节策略在二者关系中的调节作用，为改善大学生焦虑情绪提供参考。方法 于2023年3月，采用整群抽样方法，选取上海市某综合性大学大一和大二年级学生共1 980人。采用自编一般情况问卷、情绪调节策略问卷（ERQ）、家庭亲密度和适应性量表（FACES Ⅱ-CV）以及症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行评定。采用Pearson相关分析及Spearman相关分析检验各量表评分的相关性。采用分层回归分析探讨情绪调节策略在家庭功能与焦虑关系中的调节作用。结果 男性大学生ERQ认知重评维度评分低于女性大学生（t=-5.793，P<0.01），表达抑制维度评分高于女性大学生（t=8.359，P<0.01）。低年级大学生FACES Ⅱ-CV家庭适应性和家庭亲密度分量表评分与ERQ认知重评维度评分均呈正相关（r=0.251、0.302，P均<0.01），与ERQ表达抑制维度评分均呈负相关（r=-0.113、-0.154，P均<0.01），与SCL-90焦虑因子评分均呈负相关（r=-0.243、-0.202，P均<0.01）；SCL-90焦虑因子评分与ERQ认知重评维度评分呈负相关（r=-0.159，P<0.01），与ERQ表达抑制维度评分呈正相关（r=0.171，P<0.01）。多元分层回归分析结果显示，认知重评在家庭亲密度与焦虑的关系中发挥调节作用（β=-0.421，P<0.01）。结论 认知重评策略在家庭亲密度影响焦虑的过程中具有缓冲作用，可能有助于缓解家庭功能不良导致的焦虑情绪。

英文摘要:

      Background Anxiety exhibits a rising prevalence among college students. Investigating the mechanisms through which family function relates to anxiety and examining the moderating role of emotion regulation strategies within this context hold substantial implications for promoting mental health among college students. However， existing research has not sufficiently elucidated the complex interplay among family function， emotion regulation， and anxiety among college students. Further research is warranted to clarify the underlying mechanisms linking family function to anxiety outcomes and to examine the potential moderating role of emotion regulation strategies in this causal pathway.Objective To explore the relationship between family function and anxiety among lower-grade college students， and to validate the moderating role of emotion regulation strategies in this relationship， thereby offering evidence-based insights for anxiety reduction interventions in this population.Methods In March 2023， a total of 1 980 first- and second-year students from a comprehensive university in Shanghai were selected using the cluster sampling method. A self-designed demographic questionnaire， the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire （ERQ）， the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale Ⅱ-Chinese Version （FACES Ⅱ-CV）， and the Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90） were utilized for assessment. Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were employed to test the correlations of each variable. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted to certify the moderating role of emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between family function and anxiety.Results Compared with female students， male students scored significantly lower on ERQ cognitive reappraisal （t=-5.793， P<0.01） but significantly higher on ERQ expressive suppression （t=8.359， P<0.01）. For lower-grade college students， scores on adaptability and cohesion subscales of FACES Ⅱ-CV showed a positive association with cognitive reappraisal in ERQ （r=0.251， 0.302， P<0.01）， while simultaneously displaying negative correlations with both expressive suppression in ERQ （r=-0.113， -0.154， P<0.01） and anxiety in SCL-90 （r=-0.243， -0.202， P<0.01）. Notably， anxiety scores in SCL-90 were inversely related to cognitive reappraisal scores in ERQ （r=-0.159， P<0.01） but directly associated with expressive suppression scores in ERQ （r=0.171， P<0.01）. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that cognitive reappraisal significantly moderated the relationship between family cohesion and anxiety （β=-0.421， P<0.01）.Conclusion The cognitive reappraisal strategy serves as a moderator in the relationship between family cohesion and anxiety， potentially mitigating the escalation of anxiety levels associated with family dysfunction. ［Funded by Science and Technology Development Fund of Shanghai Pudong New Area （number， PKJ2023-Y21）］