负性生活事件与青少年负性情绪的关系:反刍思维的中介作用和父母参与的调节作用

The Relationship between Negative Life Events and Negative Emotions in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Rumination and the Moderating Role of Parental Involvement

中文关键词:  负性生活事件  负性情绪  反刍思维  父母参与  有调节的中介模型

英文关键词:Negative life events  Negative emotions  Rumination  Parental involvement  Moderated mediation model

中文摘要:

      背景 负性情绪是青少年心理健康的重要影响因素。现有研究多关注负性生活事件、反刍思维等风险因素对青少年情绪的影响，却较少关注父母参与的家庭保护作用，四者之间的作用路径及机制尚不明确。目的 探讨青少年负性生活事件与负性情绪的关联机制，重点分析反刍思维的中介效应及父母参与的调节效应，为青少年负性情绪的预防与干预提供参考。方法 采用横断面研究，于2025年6月使用整群随机抽样法，选取凉山彝族自治州一所中学共600名在校就读的青少年作为研究对象。采用青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）、反刍思维量表（RRS）、对父母的感知量表（POPS）中的父母参与分量表以及抑郁-焦虑-压力量表中文精简版（DASS-21）进行调查。使用Pearson相关分析检验各变量间的相关性。采用Process 4.1中的的模型4和模型7分别检验反刍思维在负性生活事件与青少年负性情绪之间的中介作用以及父母参与的调节作用。结果 共回收有效问卷534份，有效问卷回收率为89.00%。青少年ASLEC评分和RRS评分与DASS-21评分均呈正相关（r=0.580、0.706，P均＜0.01），ASLEC评分与RRS评分呈正相关（r=0.583，P＜0.01）。反刍思维在负性生活事件与青少年负性情绪之间起部分中介作用，效应值为0.531（95% CI：0.438~0.630）占总效应的55.60%。父母参与在中介路径的前半段起调节作用（β= -0.109，95% CI：-0.204~-0.015，P＜0.05）。结论 青少年反刍思维在负性生活事件与负性情绪之间起部分中介作用，父母参与在负性生活事件与反刍思维之间起调节作用。

英文摘要:

      Background Negative emotions are a significant influencing factor for the mental health of adolescents. Existing research mostly focuses on the impact of risk factors such as negative life events and rumination on adolescents'' emotions, but pays less attention to the protective role of family involvement by parents. The interaction paths and mechanisms among these four aspects remain unclear. Objective This paper explores the correlation mechanism between negative life events and negative emotions in adolescents, with a focus on analyzing the mediating effect of rumination and the moderating effect of parental involvement, providing references for the prevention and intervention of negative emotions in adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2025. Using cluster random sampling, a total of 600 adolescents studying at a middle school in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture were selected as the research subjects. The Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS), the Parental Involvement Subscale of the Perceptions of Parents Scales(POPS), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21)were used for questionnaire surveys. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlations among the variables. Using Models 4 and 7 from Process 4.1, we examined the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between negative life events and negative emotions in adolescents, as well as the moderating role of parental involvement. Results A total of 534 valid questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 89.00%. The scores of negative life events in adolescents were positively correlated with the scores of rumination and negative emotions (r=0.580, 0.706, P<0.01), and the scores of negative life events were positively correlated with the scores of rumination (r=0.583, P<0.01). Rumination partially mediated the relationship between negative life events and adolescent negative emotions, with an effect size of 0.531 (95% CI: 0.438~0.630), accounting for 55. 60% of the total effect. Parental involvement moderated the first half of the mediation path (β= -0.109, 95% CI: -0.204~-0.015, P<0.05). Conclusion In adolescents, rumination partially mediates the association between negative life events and negative emotions, and parental involvement moderates the relationship between negative life events and rumination.