社交焦虑与大学生手机成瘾的关系：疏离感的作用路径

Relationship between social anxiety and mobile phone addiction among college students： the pathway of alienation

中文关键词:  社交焦虑  疏离感  手机成瘾  中介分析  大学生

英文关键词:Social anxiety  Alienation  Mobile phone addiction  Mediation analysis  College students

中文摘要:

      背景 大学生手机成瘾严重影响着大学生的身心健康，并日益受到社会关注。社交焦虑和疏离感均与手机成瘾密切相关，但疏离感在社交焦虑与手机成瘾及其各维度之间的作用路径仍需深入探究。目的 探讨大学生社交焦虑对手机成瘾及其各维度的影响，并考查疏离感的作用路径，以期为大学生手机成瘾的预防和干预提供参考。方法 于2024年6月，采用整群随机抽样法，选取黑龙江省2所本科院校的850名大学生为研究对象。采用交往焦虑量表（IAS）、手机依赖指数（MPAI）和青少年学生疏离感量表（ASAS）进行评定。采用Spearman相关分析检验各量表评分的相关性。采用SPSS宏程序Process 3.3中的模型4分析疏离感在社交焦虑与手机成瘾及其各维度之间的作用路径。结果 共回收有效问卷796份，有效问卷回收率为93.65%。大学生IAS总评分与MPAI总评分及MPAI失控性维度评分、戒断性维度评分、逃避性维度评分、低效性维度评分均呈正相关（r=0.303、0.207、0.237、0.208、0.340，P均<0.01）；ASAS总评分与MPAI总评分及MPAI失控性、戒断性、逃避性、低效性维度评分均呈正相关（r=0.506、0.394、0.439、0.343、0.470，P均<0.01）；IAS总评分与ASAS总评分呈正相关（r=0.461，P<0.01）。疏离感是社交焦虑与手机成瘾之间的作用路径，也是社交焦虑与手机成瘾失控性、戒断性、逃避性以及低效性各维度之间的作用路径，间接效应值分别为0.215（95% CI：0.167~0.266）、0.189（95% CI：0.147~0.239）、0.161（95% CI：0.119~0.206）、 0.145（95% CI：0.103~0.191）、0.194（95% CI：0.149~0.242），分别占总效应的76.51%、82.17%、87.98%、74.36%、60.25%。结论 大学生社交焦虑可能单独对手机成瘾及其各维度产生影响，还可能通过疏离感间接影响手机成瘾及其各维度。

英文摘要:

      Background Mobile phone addiction among college students seriously impairs their physical and psychological health and has garnered growing social concern. Although both social anxiety and alienation are closely associated with mobile phone addiction， the mediating role of alienation in the relationship between social anxiety and mobile phone addiction， as well as its various dimensions， remains insufficiently explored.Objective To investigate the influence of social anxiety on mobile phone addiction and its dimensions among college students， and to examine the mediating role of alienation， thereby providing references for the prevention and intervention in mobile phone addiction in this population.Methods In June 2024， a cluster random sampling method was employed to select 850 college students from two universities in Heilongjiang Province. Participants completed the Interaction Anxiousness Scale （IAS）， the Mobile Phone Addiction Index （MPAI）， and the Adolescent Students' Alienation Scale （ASAS）. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between the scores on each scale. Mediation analysis examining the role of alienation in the relationship between social anxiety and mobile phone addiction including its dimensions were conducted using model 4 of the process macro version 3.3 in SPSS.Results A total of 796 valid questionnaires were recovered， yielding an effective response rate of 93.65%. The IAS total score was positively correlated with MPAI total score and all its subscale scores including loss of control， withdrawal， avoidance， and inefficiency （r=0.303， 0.207， 0.237， 0.208， 0.340， P<0.01）. The ASAS total score also showed positive correlations with the MPAI score and its subscales （r=0.506， 0.394， 0.439， 0.343， 0.470， P<0.01）. Additionally， the IAS total score was positively correlated with ASAS total score （r=0.461， P<0.01）. Alienation played a mediating role between social anxiety and mobile phone addiction as well as its subscales， with indirect effects of 0.215 （95% CI： 0.167–0.266）， 0.189 （95% CI： 0.147–0.239）， 0.161 （95% CI： 0.119–0.206）， 0.145 （95% CI： 0.103–0.191）， and 0.194 （95% CI： 0.149–0.242）， accounting for 76.51%， 82.17%， 87.98%， 74.36%， and 60.25% of the total effects， respectively.Conclusion Social anxiety among college students not only exerts a direct effect on mobile phone addiction and its dimensions， but also indirectly influences them through the mediating role of alienation. ［Funded by Youth Project of Heilongjiang Province Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Planning （number， 25SHC011）； Teaching Research Project of Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology in 2025 （number， JY25-27）］