中国老年人夜间睡眠时长与抑郁情绪的关系——基于CHARLS追踪调查数据的实证研究

Bidirectional relationship between nighttime sleep duration and depressed mood among elderly people in China： an empirical study based on CHARLS

中文关键词:  中国老年人  夜间睡眠时长  抑郁  交叉滞后路径分析  双向关系

英文关键词:Elderly Chinese people  Nighttime sleep duration  Depressed mood  Cross-lagged path analysis  Bidirectional relationship

中文摘要:

      背景 抑郁情绪和睡眠问题在老年人中普遍存在，且严重影响老年人的生活质量和身体健康。然而，现有研究多采用横断面设计，难以明确二者的预测关系与作用方向。目的 探讨中国老年人在10年内夜间睡眠时长与抑郁情绪的双向预测关系，为制定针对老年人的睡眠干预与抑郁预防策略提供参考。方法 基于2011年—2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据，选取完成2011年基线调查及至少一次随访调查的5 954名老年人为研究对象。采用简版流调中心用抑郁量表（CESD-10）评定抑郁情绪，采用自编问卷收集老年人夜间睡眠时长等基本资料。采用交叉滞后路径分析（CLPA）模型分析老年人夜间睡眠时长与抑郁情绪之间的双向关系。结果 基线期及末次随访时，老年人夜间睡眠时长与CESD-10评分均呈负相关（r=-0.299、-0.247，P均<0.01）。CLPA模型结果显示，基线期CESD-10评分可负向预测末次随访时的夜间睡眠时长（β=-0.100，P<0.01），基线期夜间睡眠时长也可预测末次随访时的CESD-10评分（β=-0.041，P<0.01）。结论 老年人的抑郁情绪与夜间睡眠时长存在纵向关联，两者之间为双向负向预测关系。

英文摘要:

      Depressed mood and sleep problems are prevalent among elderly people and tend to form a vicious cycle that seriously affects their quality of life and physical health. However， most of the existing studies rely on cross-sectional design， limiting the ability to clarify their predictive relationship and causal direction.Objective To explore the longitudinal association between nighttime sleep duration and depressed mood among the elderly in China over a 10-year period， providing scientific evidence for developing sleep-related interventions and depression prevention strategies tailored to the elderly.Methods Based on nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study （CHARLS） between 2011 and 2020， a sample of 5 954 elderly peolpe who had completed the baseline survey and at least one follow-up survey in 2011 was selected. Depressed mood was assessed using the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale （CESD-10）. Basic information including nighttime sleep duration， was collected through a self-designed questionnaire. Cross-lagged path analysis （CLPA） model was employed to analyze the bidirectional relationship between nighttime sleep duration and depressed mood among the ederly.Results The nighttime sleep duration in elderly people showed a negative correlation with CESD-10 scores at both baseline and the last follow-up （r=-0.299， -0.247， P<0.01）. The results of the CLPA model showed that the baseline CESD-10 scores negatively predicted nighttime sleep duration at the last follow-up （β=-0.100， P<0.01）， while baseline nighttime sleep duration also predicted CESD-10 scores at the last follow-up （β=-0.041， P<0.01）.Conclusion Depressed mood in elderly people exhibits a longitudinal association with nighttime sleep duration， demonstrating a bidirectional negative predictive relationship between the two factors.