中国老年人夜间睡眠时长与抑郁情绪的双向关系——基于CHARLS追踪调查数据的实证研究

The bidirectional relationship between nighttime sleep duration and depression among Chinese older adults : evidence from the CHARLS

中文关键词:  中国老年人  夜间睡眠时长  抑郁情绪  交叉滞后路径分析  双向关系

英文关键词:Chinese older adults  Nighttime sleep duration  Depression  Cross-lagged path analysis  Bidirectional relationship

中文摘要:

      背景 抑郁情绪和睡眠问题在老年人中普遍存在，且严重影响老年人的生活质量和身体健康。然而，现有研究多采用横断面设计，难以明确二者的预测关系与作用方向。目的 探讨中国老年人在10年内夜间睡眠时长与抑郁情绪的双向预测关系，为制定针对老年人的睡眠干预与抑郁预防策略提供科学依据。方法 基于2011年—2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据，选取完成2011年基线调查及至少一次随访调查的5 954名老年人为研究对象。采用10项流调中心用抑郁量表（CESD-10）评定抑郁情绪；采用自编问卷收集老年人夜间睡眠时长等基本资料。采用交叉滞后路径分析（CLPA）模型分析老年人夜间睡眠时长与抑郁情绪之间的双向关系。结果 基线期及末次随访时，老年人夜间睡眠时长与CESD-10评分均呈负相关（r=-0.299、-0.247，P均<0.01）。CLPA模型结果显示，基线期CESD-10评分可负向预测末次随访时的夜间睡眠时长（β=-0.100，P<0.01），基线期夜间睡眠时长也可预测末次随访时的CESD-10评分（β=-0.041，P<0.01）。结论 老年人的抑郁情绪与夜间睡眠时长存在纵向关联，两者之间为双向负向预测关系。

英文摘要:

      Background Depression and sleep problems are prevalent among older adults and are prone to form a vicious cycle that seriously affects their quality of life and health. However, most of the existing studies adopt cross-sectional design, which makes it difficult to clarify the mutual predictive relationship and direction of action between the two. Objective To explore the longitudinal association between nighttime sleep duration and depression among older adults in China over a 10-year period, providing scientific evidence for developing sleep intervention and depression prevention strategies tailored to the elderly. Methods Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) spanning 2011 to 2020, this study selected 5 954 older adults who completed the 2011 baseline survey and at least one follow-up survey as participants. Depression was assessed using the 10-Item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CESD-10), and a self-designed questionnaire was used to collect basic information such as nighttime sleep duration among the elderly. Cross-lagged path analysis (CLPA) was employed to analyze the bidirectional relationship between nighttime sleep duration and depression in Chinese older adults. Results The nighttime sleep duration was negatively correlated with CESD-10 scores at baseline and last follow-up (r=-0.299, -0.247, P<0.01). CLPA model results indicated that the baseline CESD-10 scores predicted nighttime sleep duration at the last follow-up (β=-0.100, P<0.001), and the baseline nighttime sleep duration predicted CESD-10 scores at the last follow-up (β=-0.041, P<0.001). Conclusion Depression in older adults is longitudinally associated with nighttime sleep duration, and there is a bidirectional negative predictive relationship between them.